HOW TO DO BUSINESS IN TURKEY: INVESTOR'S GUIDE


1. Turkey in general


1.1. Geography, Political and Economic Background
1.2. Current Political Administration and Government Structure
1.3. Currency
1.4. Population
1.5. E-government in Turkey
1.6. International relations

2. Turkish economy


2.1. Main Economic Indicators
2.2. International Trade
2.3. Foreign Direct Investments

3. Industrial outlook


I. Global Aspect
- Aerospace and Transport Sector
- Automotive
- Financial Services Industry
- Consumer Business
- Energy and Resources
- Life Sciences and Health Care
- Technology, Media and Telecommunications
- Real Estate
- Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure
II. Local Aspect
- Aerospace and Transport Services in Turkey
- Automotive Sector in Turkey
- Financial Services Industry in Turkey
- Consumer Business in Turkey
- Energy and Resources in Turkey
- Life Sciences and Health Care in Turkey
- Construction and Real Estate in Turkey
- Technology, Media and Telecommunications in Turkey
- Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure in Turkey

4. Incentives and financing


4.1. Types of Incentives Available
4.2. Investment Incentives
4.3. Export-Oriented Incentives
4.4. Other Tax/Non-Tax Incentives
4.5. Financing

5. Business regulations and requirements


5.1. Foreign Investment Rules
5.2. Foreign Trade
5.3. Registration and Licensing
5.4. Price Controls and Competition Law
5.5. Exchange Controls
5.6. Accounting Principles and Statutory Books

6. Employment law and practice


6.1. Employees’ Rights and Remuneration
6.2. Social Security and Unemployment Insurance Payments
6.3. Termination of Employment
6.4. Labor Management Relations
6.5. Employment of Foreign Individuals

7. Choice of business entity


7.1. Principal Forms
7.2. General Rules for Establishment of Companies by Foreign Shareholders
7.3. Corporations
7.4. Limited Liability Companies
7.5. Branches
7.6. Partnerships
7.7. Joint Ventures
7.8. Liaison Offices
7.9. Mergers, Acquisitions, Conversions, De-mergers, Share Swaps

8. Corporate income taxation


8.1. Entities Liable for corporate income tax
8.2. Residence and Non-Residence
8.3. Taxable Income
8.4. Corporate income tax Rates
8.5. Dividend Withholding Tax
8.6. Treatment of Losses
8.7. Participation Exemption
8.8. Capital Gains Taxation
8.9. Controlled Foreign Companies (CFC)
8.10. Transfer Pricing
8.11. Cost Sharing/Cost Allocations
8.12. Anti-Tax Haven Rules
8.13. Thin Capitalization Rules
8.14. Taxation of Branches of Foreign Companies
8.15. Liquidation
8.16. Assessments, Payments and Tax Audits

9. Individual income taxation


9.1. Residence and Non-Residence
9.2. Taxable Income
9.3. Individual Income Tax Rates
9.4. Assessments and Payments

10.Withholding taxes and double tax relief


10.1. Major Withholding Tax Rates
10.2. Double Tax Treaty Relief
10.3. Unilateral Relief

11.Other taxes


11.1. Value Added Tax
11.2. Special Consumption Tax (SCT)
11.3. Property Tax
11.4. Inheritance and Transfer Tax
11.5. Stamp Tax
11.6. Motor Vehicle Tax
11.7. Bank and Insurance Transaction Tax
11.8. Special Communication Tax

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